Encryption is pretty much everywhere right now. The interesting thing to note is that the only thing that keeps industries going right now is that there hasn't been a method or a 'shortcut' to determining these large random numbers that form the backbone of the encryption schemes out there.

There is a well know scheme called 'rot13'. Which means rotate 13. It relates to the letters of the alphabet. Let me illustrate with an example.
 0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10  11  12
 a   b   c   d   e   f   g   h   i   j   k   l   m

13  14  15  16  17  18  19  20  21  22  23  24  25
 n   o   p   q   r   s   t   u   v   w   x   y   z
if you shift all of the letters 13 places to the right you get something like this
 0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10  11  12
 n   o   p   q   r   s   t   u   v   w   x   y   z

13  14  15  16  17  18  19  20  21  22  23  24  25
 a   b   c   d   e   f   g   h   i   j   k   l   m
as you can see all letters are shifted 13 places to the right. I also wanted to handle uppercase numbers and a few special characters so I came up with rot16.pl - a program that allows you to encrypt and decrypt with this scheme.